What is the central machine in a network?
It can be described as, a central machine that could be Mainframe or Midsize, meant to control a network as well as the devices on it.
It is significant to mention that, the host computer controls who has access to what hardware, software as well as other resources on the network.
Centralized computing is basically computing done at a central location by means of terminals attached to a central computer. The computer may control all the peripherals provided they are physically connected to the central computer or else they may be attached via a terminal server.
However, if the terminals have the capability in that event they may be able to connect to the central computer over the network. Such terminals could be thin clients or text terminals.
It provides better security over decentralized systems, the reason being all the processing gets controlled in a central location. Moreover, if one terminal does not function properly then the user can access other terminal and log in. The user would be able to access all the files. Depending on the system, the user may be able to resume the session from the point they were before. This goes on to reflect the immense advantages of centralized computing.
Central Machine in a Network
A central machine in a Network is known as a server. A server is a computer that provides data to other computers. Eg. mail servers, file servers & web servers.
There are two types of networks on the basis of a logical environment
- Peer to Peer network.
- Server-based network.
Peer to Peer network :
Under Peer to Peer network, a group of computers are linked together. They get equal responsibilities and permission to process data.
Server-based network :
It allows the users to access data that are centrally controlled and out here backups and network security is controlled centrally as well.
Read Also: What is Internet Protocol -The various types of Internet Protocol
What is meant by a network?
A computer network is created to share resources, files etc. When two or more than two computers or devices are connected, is known as networking. The computers on a network may be linked through telephone lines, infrared light beams, satellites, radio waves, or cables. Since we are discussing networking, so it is pertinent to know about computer hosts. A computer host is basically a device connected to a computer network. For instance, if your mobile is connected to any computer network in that case the mobile phone can be called a host. The speed at which data gets transferred is called a data transfer rate.
Networks are used to
- Share files across the network.
- Allows multiple users to share a single hardware device like a printer.
- Information can be easily accessed.
Key types of networks on the basis of connectivity
- Local Area Network. ( LAN )
- Wide Area Network. ( WAN )
- Home Area Network. ( HAN )
- Personal Area Network. ( PAN )
- Metropolitan Area Network. ( MAN)
- Global Area Network. ( GAN )
- Campus Network.
- Backbone Network etc.
What are the quality of services of bridges in networking?
Quality of service ( QoS ) can be termed as the measurement of the overall performance of a service including cloud computing service and computer network. To measure QoS certain factors are taken into consideration like bit rate, transmission delay, jitter, packet loss, etc. Quality of service is extremely significant. Scheduling, traffic shaping, admission control & resource reservations are the four major techniques used to improve the quality of service.
Quality of service is of immense importance for the transport of traffic with special requirements. The concept of Quality of service revolves around the need to provide different priorities to different users, data flows or applications to maintain a certain level of performance in data flows.
QoS factors are extremely important in the roll-out of new technology. Since networks are becoming interconnected and a large number of operators and providers interact to deliver communications, therefore, in such a scenario it is of immense importance to maintain QoS parameters.
Quality of service (QoS) in an intranet that includes bridges as well as routers and other Layer 3 switches.
User priority:
It is a label carried with the frame that communicates the requested priority to downstream nodes ( bridges and end systems). The user priority has end - to - end significance across bridged LANs. Usually, user priority is not modified while in transit through bridges however, it is done only when a mapping is needed for use of a different number of priority levels by different MAC types.
Access priority:
Access priority is used for the purpose of competing for getting access to the shared LAN with frames from other devices. Let's consider a case. A token-passing discipline in a token ring network allows higher - priority frames to get access to the ring prior to lower priority frames when frames related to multiple stations are waiting to gain access. It is worth mentioning, when the incoming & outbound LAN is of the same MAC type, the bridge allocates access priority equal to the incoming user priority, or else the bridge has to perform a mapping.
Traffic class:
It can be described as a systemwide collection of buffers, bandwidth, and queues that can be allocated to provide a defined level of service to packets in the traffic class. A bridge can be configured in order to ensure that multiple queues are used to hold frames waiting to be transmitted on a given outbound port. In such cases, the traffic class is used to determine the relative priority of the queues. Waiting frames at a higher class is first up transmitted followed by waiting frames of a lower traffic class. We must know that a traffic class is assigned by 8 bridges based on the incoming user priority.
What are the quality of service parameters?
"Quality of Service" (QoS) refers to certain characteristics of a data link connection as observed between the connection endpoint. QoS is defined in terms of QoS parameters.
Certain important Quality of service parameters are mentioned below :
1. Cell loss rate.
2. Cell delay variation.
3. Cell transfer delay.
4. Cell error ratio.
5. Cell Mis- insertion ratio.
Certain important factor affecting the quality of service parameters are stated below :
a) Allocation of resources.
b) Traffic load.
c) Capacity of buffer.
d) Propagation Delay etc.
Network Traffic
The amount of data moving across a network at a given point in time can be referred to as Network Traffic. Network Traffic is usually caused by faulty devices, oversubscription, and also due to security attacks.
Network Traffic Monitoring
It can be described as a security analytical tool used by the computer network security administrator to identify issues that can affect accessibility, network traffic security as well as functionality.
Three major types of Network Traffic are :
1. Sensitive.
2. Best - effort.
3. Undesired.
There is a constant need to monitor network traffic. New Tools, Softwares, and Utilities are being launched on a regular basis, as it is regarded extremely important to check network Traffic owing to the competitive nature prevailing in the business world and marketplace of IT.
Beneficial network monitoring tools and software of 2020 are Solar Winds Network Performance Monitor, PRTG network monitor from Paessler, Zabbix, Icinga, ConnectWise Automate, Logic Monitor etc.
Conclusion
This article will surely help the reader to comprehend the importance of Central Machine in a network, about networking, Quality of Service, and Network Traffic. By going through this post, one can get comprehensive information and knowledge about the topics mentioned in this post. All the major areas related to all the aforesaid topics have been covered in this post.
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